Which term describes caries that occur on a root surface?

• A. Occlusal caries
• B. Root caries
• C. Proximal caries
• D. Pit and fissure caries

Answer: (B)

Root surfaces are covered by cementum and dentin, not enamel, so decay that develops where the root is exposed (typically from gum recession) is described as root caries. This term distinguishes it from caries that occur on enamel-covered surfaces: occlusal caries on the chewing surfaces, proximal caries between adjacent teeth, and pit-and-fissure caries in the pits and grooves. Root caries tends to occur in adults with recession and can progress along the root surface because dentin/cementum are more readily demineralized than enamel. In practice, recognizing root caries guides preventive and minimally invasive approaches such as fluoride remineralization and sealing or arresting the lesion to preserve tooth structure.