Sandblasting is used for which of the following?

• A. Remove discoloration and stains
• B. It cuts tooth structure
• C. It roughens surface for bonding
• D. It does not affect bonding

Answer: (C)

Sandblasting (air abrasion) primarily prepares the tooth surface for bonding by creating a micro-roughened texture. The high-velocity particles physically abrade the enamel or dentin, removing debris and creating many tiny retentive features. This roughened surface increases surface area and energy, improving the wettability and penetration of bonding agents and resin composites, which leads to stronger adhesion. It may remove some superficial stains, but that is not its main role. It does affect bonding—enhancing it—so saying it has no effect on bonding isn’t accurate. The key point is that sandblasting creates the roughened surface needed for reliable bonding.