How does silver diamine fluoride arrest caries?

• A. It inhibits bacterial growth by sealing the lesion
• B. The silver component acts as an anti-microbial agent killing bacteria and preventing the formation of new biofilm, while the fluoride acts to prevent further demineralization of tooth structure.
• C. It removes stains from teeth
• D. It decorates teeth with silver color

Answer: (B)

The key idea is that silver diamine fluoride works by two complementary actions: the silver ions act as an anti-microbial agent, killing cariogenic bacteria and disrupting the biofilm within the caries lesion, which stops acid production and progression; the fluoride component promotes remineralization and reduces demineralization of dentin and enamel, helping to harden the weakened structure. Together, these effects halt decay without needing extensive drilling. It’s also useful to note that SDF can stain treated areas dark due to silver deposition, and it does not physically seal the lesion, so descriptions implying sealing or decorative silver coloring aren’t accurate.